Komodo, or more so-called Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis ), is a species oflizard in the world who live on the island of Komodo , Rinca , Flores , Gili Motang , and Gili Dasami in Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. is the native Komodo Komodo island is also known by the name of the local ora.
Including members of the family lizard Varanidae , and klad Toxicofera , dragons are the largest lizards in the world, with an average length of 2-3 m . Large size is associated with symptoms of island gigantism , the tendency for body meraksasanya certain animals that live on a small island linked to the absence of mammalian carnivore on the island where dragons live, and the rate of metabolism of the small dragons. Because of the body, these lizards occupy predator peaks that dominate the ecosystems in which they live.
Komodo discovered by western researchers in 1910. Her body is great and terrible reputation that makes them popular in zoos. Dragons in the wild habitat has been shrinking due to human activity and hence the IUCN put the dragons as a species vulnerable to extinction.This large lizard is now protected under Indonesian law and a national park , the Komodo National Park , established to protect them.
In the wild, adult dragons usually weigh about 70 kilograms, but the dragons kept in captivity often have a greater body weight. Wild specimens of the largest ever of 3:13 meters in length and weigh about 166 pounds, including the weight of the undigested food in his stomach. Although the dragon was recorded as the largest living lizard, but not the longest. This reputation is held by Papua lizard (Varanus salvadorii).
Komodo has the same tail length of the body, and about 60 pieces of sharp serrated teeth along about 2.5 cm , which is often replaced. komodo dragons saliva is often mixed with small amount of blood because of their teeth is almost completely covered by gingival tissue and the tissue was torn during a meal . This condition creates an ideal environment for the growth ofbacteria that live in your mouth shut them.
Komodo has a long tongue, yellow and branching. Komodo dragons males larger than females, with a skin color from dark gray to brick red, whereas female dragons over green olives, and has a small piece of yellow on the throat. Young Komodo dragons are more colorful, with yellow, green and white on a black background.
Komodo does not have the sense of hearing, despite having the ear hole. of this Lizard is able to see as far as 300 m, but because the retina has only cone cells , the animal is probably not so good to see in the dark of night. Komodo is able to distinguish colors, but not much able to distinguish objects that are immobile.
Komodo uses his tongue to detect taste and smell stimuli , like other reptiles, with a sense ofvomeronasal use of Jacobson's organ , an ability that can help navigate in the dark. With the help of the wind and the habit of tilting his head side to side when walking, komodo can detect the presence of carrion as far as 4-9.5 kilometers. dragons nostrils olfaction is not a good tool because they do not have the midriff . These animals have no sense of taste on the tongue, there are few nerve endings taste in the back of the throat.
Komodo dragon scales, some of which are reinforced with bone, has a sensor that is connected to nerves that facilitate excitatory touch. Scales around the ears, lips, chin, and soles of the feet have three or more sensor stimulation.
Komodo been considered deaf when the study found that whisper, voice rising and shouting did not result in agitation (interference) in the wild dragons. This was later refuted when employees ZSL London Zoo , Joan Proctor trained lizards to eat out with his voice, even when he is not seen by the lizard.
Komodo dragons are naturally found only in Indonesia, on the island of Komodo, Rinca and Flores and several other islands in Nusa Tenggara . Living in open dry grasslands, savannas and tropical forests at low altitude, these lizards like this place is hot and dry. They are active during the day, although sometimes also active at night. Komodo is a solitary animal, gathered together only at meals and breed.
This large reptile can scoot to 20 miles per hour at short distances; swim very well and can dive as deep as 4.5 meters; are good at climbing trees and using their powerful claws. To catch prey that is outside its reach, the Komodo dragon may stand on its hind legs and uses its tail as a support. With increasing age, more dragons using his claws as weapons, because of its large size made it difficult to climb trees.
For shelter, dragons dig holes 1-3 meters wide with the front legs and strong claws. Because of her size and habit of sleeping in a hole, dragons can maintain body heat during the night and reduce the time sunbathing on the next morning. Komodo generally hunt in the afternoon to evening, but still take shelter during the hottest part of the day. These places are usually hidden dragons in the dunes or hills with the sea breeze, the open of the vegetation , and here and there animal feces scattered inhabitants. It is generally also a strategic location for the ambush deer .
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